{"id":1228,"date":"2022-01-20T11:15:16","date_gmt":"2022-01-20T08:15:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/?p=1228"},"modified":"2022-01-24T15:35:52","modified_gmt":"2022-01-24T12:35:52","slug":"alzheimer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/alzheimer\/","title":{"rendered":"Alzheimer"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alzheimer Nedir? <\/strong><\/h3>\n

Normal zihinsel geli\u015fme sonras\u0131nda haf\u0131za ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere zihinsel ve davran\u0131\u015fsal i\u015flevlerin kayb\u0131 durumuna demans (bunama) denir.<\/p>\n

Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 haf\u0131za ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer bili\u015fsel fonksiyonlarda ki\u015finin g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam aktivitelerini olumsuz etkileyecek kadar bozulmad\u0131r. Yani her unutkanl\u0131k Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirtisi de\u011fildir. \u00d6zellikle gen\u00e7 ya\u015f grupta g\u00f6r\u00fclen unutkanl\u0131klar dikkat- konsantrasyon eksikli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olan psikolojik unutkanl\u0131klard\u0131r. Alzheimer Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 demans yapan hastal\u0131klar i\u00e7inde en s\u0131k rastlanan\u0131d\u0131r. Hatta bu nedenle demanslara halk aras\u0131nda genel olarak Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 da denilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Alzheimer Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Belirtileri K\u0131saca 4A Belirtisi Olarak Adland\u0131r\u0131lan Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Bili\u015fsel Fonksiyon Bozukluklar\u0131 \u015eunlard\u0131r:<\/h4>\n
    \n
  • Amnezi (\u00f6nceleri yak\u0131n haf\u0131zada zamanla uzak haf\u0131zada kay\u0131plar)<\/li>\n
  • Afazi (kelime bulamama, dolayl\u0131 anlatma, tekrarlay\u0131c\u0131 ifadeler, konu\u015fma tek d\u00fcze ve sade hale gelir)<\/li>\n
  • Agnozi (nesneleri tan\u0131ma ve adland\u0131rmada zorlanmalar)<\/li>\n
  • Apraksi (\u00f6nceden yapabildi\u011fi becerilerinde bozulma)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    4A Belirtisinin D\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Di\u011fer Kognitif \u00d6zellikler;<\/h4>\n
      \n
    • G\u00f6rsel uzamsal bozulmalar<\/li>\n
    • Hesaplama ve dikkatte bozulmalar (para -matematik- saat hesab\u0131nda bozulma)<\/li>\n
    • Y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc i\u015flevlerde bozulmalar<\/li>\n
    • Planlama (her g\u00fcn gitti\u011fi bir yolu bulmakta zorlanma)<\/li>\n
    • Organizasyon (yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015fte \u00f6ncelik s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p i\u015fi yapamama, \u00f6rne\u011fin yemek yaparken \u00f6ncelik s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 bilememe)<\/li>\n
    • Yarg\u0131 (de\u011ferlendirme yapamama)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Unutkanl\u0131k ki\u015finin g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131 (\u00f6zel, sosyal, i\u015f hayat\u0131n\u0131) olumsuz etkiliyorsa bu unutkanl\u0131k Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olabilir. Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda beyindeki etkilenim yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu hastalarda erken tan\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu hastalar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 toplumumuzda \u2018ya\u015fl\u0131’ olarak ifade edilse de ilerleyen a\u015famalarda yeti\u015fkin bir bebek haline gelen hastalar\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131 da zor olmaktad\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda unutkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k diye ge\u00e7i\u015ftirmemek \u00f6nemlidir. Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k unutkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki gibi g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat olumsuz etkilenmez. Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan hastada unutkanl\u0131k ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta basit (e\u015fyalar\u0131 koydu\u011fu yeri unutma, kap\u0131y\u0131, oca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k unuttu\u011funu unutma, kap\u0131y\u0131 kilitlemeyi unutma, anahtar\u0131 kap\u0131da unutma) ve masum unutkanl\u0131klar \u015feklinde olabilirken zamanla ki\u015finin g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyen hale d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.\u00a0 \u00d6rnek vermek gerekirse yak\u0131n zamandaki olaylar\u0131 ve konu\u015fmalar\u0131 hat\u0131rlamaz. Eskileri hat\u0131rlamada sorunu yoktur. Zamanla e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder, tekrarlay\u0131c\u0131 sorular sorar, e\u015fyalar\u0131 kullanma becerisinde bozulmalar ba\u015flar, para \u2013 saat\u00a0 hesab\u0131nda\u00a0 bozulmalar , eskiden \u00e7ok iyi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 bir yeme\u011fi yapmada zorlanma, tamir gibi beceri gerektiren i\u015flerin nas\u0131l yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlayamama gibi orta d\u00fczeyde unutkanl\u0131klar, i\u00e7inde\u00a0 bulundu\u011fu\u00a0 yeri ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u015feklinde oryantasyon bozukluklar\u0131, ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri duygulan\u0131m\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler,\u00a0 zamanla\u00a0 ki\u015finin hi\u00e7bir i\u015fi tek ba\u015f\u0131na yapamayaca\u011f\u0131 hale ilerleyebilen unutkanl\u0131klara\u00a0 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. Bu durumda ki\u015filer yemek yeme, banyo, tuvalet ve \u00f6z bak\u0131m\u0131nda bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 adeta bir bebek haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir.<\/p>\n

      Alzheimer Bulgular\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015f ve aile \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc en \u00f6nemli risk fakt\u00f6rleri olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 aile \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olan ya\u015fl\u0131lardaki unutkanl\u0131klarda daha alert olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi, zihinsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmamak, \u00f6zellikle tedavi edilememi\u015f kronik hastal\u0131klar ve kafa travmas\u0131 Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in risk fakt\u00f6rleridir. Bunun aksine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ya\u011fl\u0131 diyet, fiziksel egzersiz, zihinsel aktivite, antioksidan tdv, \u00f6strojen hormonu Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu fakt\u00f6rlerdir.<\/p>\n

      Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 evrelendirildi\u011finde;<\/p>\n

      Hafif evredeki<\/span> <\/span>demansl\u0131 hastalarda, i\u015f verimlili\u011finde azalma ve i\u015f arkada\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan farkedilen performans d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc varken;<\/p>\n

      Orta evredeki <\/span>hasta ev d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131k t\u00fcm\u00fcyle yitirmi\u015ftir. Ev d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kaybolmalar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      A\u011f\u0131r evrede;<\/span> bellekte art\u0131k sadece par\u00e7ac\u0131klar s\u00f6z konusudur. Ev ya\u015fam\u0131nda bile bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 haldedir.<\/p>\n

      Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu nedenle tan\u0131 konulur konulmaz tedaviye ba\u015flanmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Beyinde y\u0131pranman\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 belki onlarca y\u0131l \u00f6nce ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olsa da bu hastalarda erken tedavi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n seyrini yava\u015flatma ve hasta yak\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc azaltmakta \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

      Alzheimer Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Evreleri;<\/strong><\/h3>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Erken Evre<\/strong><\/h4>\n
        \n
      • Genellikle hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk 2-4 y\u0131l\u0131,<\/li>\n
      • S\u0131k yak\u0131n s\u00fcreli bellek sorunlar\u0131,<\/li>\n
      • Konu\/soru tekrar\u0131,<\/li>\n
      • Kendini ifade etmede hafif zorluklar olabilir,<\/li>\n
      • Yazma ve alet kullanmada zorluklar ba\u015flayabilir,<\/li>\n
      • Depresyon geli\u015febilir,<\/li>\n
      • Ki\u015filik de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri e\u015flik edebilir,<\/li>\n
      • Yeni becerilerin \u00f6\u011frenilememesi,<\/li>\n
      • Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 inkar etmesi,<\/li>\n
      • Sinirlilik ve ald\u0131r\u0131\u015fs\u0131zl\u0131k hali olmas\u0131,<\/li>\n
      • G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famda dikkatli g\u00f6zlemcilerin, fark edebilece\u011fi aksamalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ciddi bir sorun yoktur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Orta Evre<\/strong><\/h4>\n
          \n
        • Genellikle hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n 2-10 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemidir,<\/li>\n
        • Ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131n ve \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015f bilgilerin yava\u015f yava\u015f kaybolmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131,<\/li>\n
        • Problemlerle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmada artan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck,<\/li>\n
        • \u0130lerleyen bellek bozuklu\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlarda ya\u015fam\u0131 etkiler,<\/li>\n
        • Y\u00f6nelimde bozulma, sebep sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi kurmada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck,<\/li>\n
        • Kaybolma riski y\u00fcksek,<\/li>\n
        • Uyku bozuklu\u011fu olabilir,<\/li>\n
        • Davran\u0131\u015fsal semptomlar daha da belirgin hale gelir ,<\/li>\n
        • G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam aktivitelerinde yard\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 duyar,<\/li>\n
        • Bellek sorunlar\u0131 ve konf\u00fczyon daha da belirgi,<\/li>\n
        • Yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck,<\/li>\n
        • Yeni bilgi \u00f6\u011frenemez,<\/li>\n
        • Birka\u00e7 basamakl\u0131 g\u00f6revlerde belirgin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck (giyinme gibi),<\/li>\n
        • Yeni durumlarla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck,<\/li>\n
        • Del\u00fczyonlar ve paranoya, yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 su\u00e7lama(h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k), olmam\u0131\u015f olaylar\u0131 olmu\u015f gibi anlatma (hikaye yazma, hezeyan).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u0130leri Evre<\/strong><\/h4>\n
            \n
          • Ortalama 1-3 y\u0131l,<\/li>\n
          • Ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve mevcut zaman kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r, yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131yamaz,<\/li>\n
          • \u0130leti\u015fim ileri derecede bozulmu\u015ftur,<\/li>\n
          • D\u00fc\u015fmeler olabilir, yata\u011fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olabilir,<\/li>\n
          • Yutma sorunlar\u0131, inkontinans,<\/li>\n
          • Psikiyatrik semptomlar \u00e7ok daha belirgin,<\/li>\n
          • Tamamen bak\u0131ma muhta\u00e7t\u0131r, genellikle pn\u00f6moni ve di\u011fer infeksiyonlara ba\u011fl\u0131 kaybedilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Alzheimer Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0130lk 10 Belirtisi<\/strong><\/h3>\n
              \n
            • Unutkanl\u0131k<\/li>\n
            • Yol bulma sorunlar\u0131<\/li>\n
            • Zaman \u015fa\u015f\u0131rma<\/li>\n
            • Kelime haznesinin azalmas\u0131<\/li>\n
            • Karar verme sorunlar\u0131<\/li>\n
            • Muhakeme yetene\u011finin kaybolmas\u0131<\/li>\n
            • Ki\u015filik ve huy de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri<\/li>\n
            • \u00c7e\u015fitli davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri<\/li>\n
            • Olaylara ilgi azalmas\u0131<\/li>\n
            • G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam becerilerini yerine getirmekte g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Alzheimer Tedavisinde Onlar\u0131 Yaln\u0131z B\u0131rakmay\u0131n!<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                \n
              • Alzheimer hastalar\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 unutkanl\u0131k ile agresifle\u015febilir, ileti\u015fiminizi korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/li>\n
              • Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilerledik\u00e7e artan sorunlara kar\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olun, gerekirse destek al\u0131n.<\/li>\n
              • Alzheimer hastas\u0131 ile ileti\u015fim kurarken do\u011frudan g\u00f6zlerine bak\u0131n ve ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyin.<\/li>\n
              • Basit c\u00fcmleler kurun, ifadeleri talimat haline getirin.<\/li>\n
              • Sab\u0131rl\u0131 ve sevgi dolu olun.<\/li>\n
              • Ya\u015fanan garipliklerden hastan\u0131n de\u011fil hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n sorumlu oldu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
              • Hastan\u0131z i\u00e7in evi g\u00fcvenli hale getirin.<\/li>\n
              • Alzheimer hastalar\u0131n\u0131n tat ve koku duyular\u0131 zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr, bu nedenle evdeki g\u0131dalar\u0131 siz kontrol edin.<\/li>\n
              • Hastan\u0131z\u0131n ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve d\u00fczenli uyudu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/li>\n
              • Hekim kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc aksatmay\u0131n ve umudunuzu kaybetmeyin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Alzheimer Nedir? Normal zihinsel geli\u015fme sonras\u0131nda haf\u0131za ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere zihinsel ve davran\u0131\u015fsal i\u015flevlerin kayb\u0131 durumuna demans (bunama) denir. Alzheimer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 haf\u0131za ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer bili\u015fsel fonksiyonlarda ki\u015finin g\u00fcnl\u00fck […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1228"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1228"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1228\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medova.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}